Determinant calculator

Type a square matrix, one row per line with the numbers separated by spaces, and get the determinant. Fractions such as 1/2 are allowed and the answer is exact.

One row per line, numbers separated by spaces. Fractions such as 1/2 are allowed.

Fill in the fields; the answer appears here straight away.

How it works

  1. Enter the values

    Type the numbers or the formula. Decimals may use a point or a comma. No idea? Click Fill in an example.

  2. Instant answer

    The answer appears as you type, with the most important intermediate values.

  3. See the working

    Under "How it's worked out" you see the steps, handy for checking your own calculation.

How it is calculated

For a 2×2 matrix the determinant is ad − bc. Larger matrices are reduced to a triangular form with row operations (Gaussian elimination); the determinant is then the product of the pivots, with a minus sign for every row swap. That is much faster than expanding by cofactors and works up to 10×10.

What the determinant tells you

  • det = 0: the rows are dependent, the matrix has no inverse and a system of equations with this matrix has no unique solution.
  • det ≠ 0: the matrix is invertible. The absolute value is the factor by which the matrix scales areas (2×2) or volumes (3×3).

To find the inverse itself, use the inverse matrix calculator.

Frequently asked questions

Is the determinant calculator free?

Yes. The determinant calculator is completely free, with no account, sign-up or usage limit.

How accurate is the result?

The tool calculates with your browser's number precision. For important calculations, always double-check what you entered.

Does it work on my phone?

Yes. The tool works in any modern browser on a phone, tablet or computer.