Subtract complex numbers

Type two complex numbers and get the difference, with the real and imaginary part, the modulus and the argument.

Write as a + bi, for example 3 − 2i, −i or 4i.

Fill in the fields; the answer appears here straight away.

How it works

  1. Enter the values

    Type the numbers or the formula. Decimals may use a point or a comma. No idea? Click Fill in an example.

  2. Instant answer

    The answer appears as you type, with the most important intermediate values.

  3. See the working

    Under "How it's worked out" you see the steps, handy for checking your own calculation.

How it works

Subtract the real parts and the imaginary parts separately: (3 + 2i) − (1 − 4i) = (3 − 1) + (2 + 4)i = 2 + 6i. Watch the signs: subtracting −4i adds 4i.

Write the numbers as a + bi, such as 3 − 2i, −i or 4i. See also add complex numbers.

Frequently asked questions

Is the subtract complex numbers free?

Yes. The subtract complex numbers is completely free, with no account, sign-up or usage limit.

How accurate is the result?

The tool calculates with your browser's number precision. For important calculations, always double-check what you entered.

Does it work on my phone?

Yes. The tool works in any modern browser on a phone, tablet or computer.